Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 64: Reading Material 5: Life and Death – Stage – Poison

The third segment of video footage taken by Hu Tao for his grandparents’ tomb restoration was shown at the workshop. This includes Hu Tao explaining the design to his grandmother, the family carrying bricks up the hill and the ground breaking ceremony. Hu Tao’s filming of the tomb construction will continue, filming every aspect of the construction until it is completed. From what I know about Hu Tao’s filming, he would have filmed the whole process of tomb restoration and would not have missed any part in between.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 63: Reading Material 4: Life and Death – Stage – Poison

Eleven filmmakers in the “Reading Material” workshop showcased their footage. I felt, when put them together, it led to a pathway that pointed to “survival”, or in layman’s terms, “staying alive”.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 62: Reading material 3: Reading Faces, Hidden, Incidental

This material reading note is about the ‘big face’ (close-up) in three filmmakers’ footage. A face that fills the frame, talking or not talking. How much this face can tell us (or how much we can read) depends on the intention of the photographer and the perception of the ‘reader’. The former and the latter are 50/50.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 61: Reading Material 2: Intuition → A Lunch and Wiseman

Another example of irritation in the reading material workshop was Gao Ang’s material, a clip of my grandfather’s family eating with narration. I said at the time that I was disturbed, but I was disturbed “so badly” that I could not concentrate on any of the details of the meal that interested me.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 60: Reading Material 1: Intuition → Land, a white dog and the intuition of reality

After 18 rounds of “reading material” workshops, I was stimulated by the fact that the reading of material still needs to be based on direct viewing (visual perception) of the images (including sound) themselves.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 59 : Read “47km 2018” – Self Portrait: 47 km, Windows by Zhang Mengqi

The basic content and composition of the film is that of an 86-year-old man named Li, sitting by the fire in his house, roasting a fire. He remains in this position throughout the film (occasionally moving his body or fiddling with the coals with a poker), and the room is furnished with almost nothing else but a square table (with a row of empty wine bottles prominently displayed on it) and a few bags of grain piled up against the wall, a typical scene of the daily life of a lonely old man. There is a portrait of a great man on the front wall of the house.
It is important to describe this scene because it is a key component of the film. An old man recounts his life in the company of a portrait of a great man.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 58: The 47km Stare — Zhang Mengqi’s Self-Portrait: 47km Sphinxi

This is Mengqi’s seventh work in the village of ’47km’, her seventh ’47km story’ since she first set foot in the same village in 2010 and has returned for seven consecutive winters. It is not easy for an author to keep returning to the same village for seven years. What is even more difficult, of course, is to see how the stories told each year change and unfold in depth.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 57: Born to Live — Zhang Mengqi’s film Self-Portrait: Born in 47 km

When Zhang Mengqi returns to the village this year, a girl called Fang Yuan enters her narrative. I say “formally” because she has been touched by Mengqi’s words and her camera for several years before. Twenty years old with two children, it is the so-called cruelty of a village girl’s life. Is this also some kind of a “muddled day”?

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 56: Reality and Brutal Poetry – Zhang Huancai’s My Village 2006

Zhang Huancai, male, born in 1960, is a villager from Shijiazhai Village, Lantian County, Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province, and participated in the villagers’ image project of Caochangdi Workstation in 2005 as one of the 10 villagers’ authors. At that time he was 45 years old, middle-aged, turning 50. Before this, Zhang Huancai was a typical rural literary youth and literary middle-aged hard-working man. He graduated from high school and did not go to university. He makes a living by farming and also working outside, in coal mines, cotton fields, freight yards, construction sites, renovation …… all heavy labour work. Until now, Zhang Huancai, who has already made two feature-length documentaries, has been to those elegant art venues in Beijing as a filmmaker, as well as to places like CUHK, Peking University, Yunnan University, Shenzhen He Xiangning Art Museum, and the South of the Clouds Documentary Film Festival, together with his own films. But during the farming season, he often has to go to a labour market in Xi’an for making money for his children: a son who is away at university and a daughter who is in high school.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 55: DV Like a Gun – Villager Video Author Jia Zhitan

Jia Zhitan, male, born in 1951, is the oldest of the three male villagers who still continue to make films, at the age of 58. He often refers to himself as “nearly 60 years old” and has been known as Old Jia since he entered the Villagers’ Image Project.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 54: Behind “Unnatural Death” — Zhang Mengqi, Self-Portrait: The Death of 47km

Self-Portrait: The Death of 47 Kilometres is Zhang Mengqi’s sixth film into the Folk Memory Project, and the fifth film she has made back in her father’s birth village. For a filmmaker who keeps returning to the same village every year, a great challenge that usually comes in the third year is –

What is the reason to keep going? What is the motivation?

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 53: The Angry Village and the Angry Wang Wei

In My Village 2007, the second documentary by Shandong villager filmmaker Wang Wei, there is this shot. A field of corn turning yellow after autumn, with a dirt road beside it. The shot is taken from a small slope at the entrance to his chicken farm (at the edge of the village), looking out into the distance. This type of shot is often seen in Wang Wei’s films, but the content of the picture varies depending on the season, weather or morning and evening. It can be interpreted as part of the filmmaker’s normal routine: after feeding the chickens or eating a meal, he takes a few steps to this spot. At some point, a DV camera will be brought up to take a shot.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 52: Images of the Earth – Zhang Huancai’s My Village 2006

Villager filmmaker Zhang Huancai’s new film, My Village 2008, is finished. I watched it on the first day of 2010. It is four hours long. After Huancai had made the first cut in May 2009, I watched it once, along with Lao Jia, the three of us. Huancai was “translating” the dialect of the people in the film. Now that I’ve seen the subtitled version, it’s significantly easier to understand the film. Two 4-hour viewings for a total of 8 hours, with a 7-month gap between them. I crossed over to Huancai’s life and his village in 2008 twice in 2009.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 51: Shazi Ying, Remember! Shao Yuzhen My Village 2011-2016

The final cut of Shao Yuzhen’s new film was screened in Qinjiatun on October 1. Shao Yuzhen, who lives in the village of Shaziying in Shunyi, Beijing, has been involved in the Villagers’ Video Project since 2005, when she took up DV and completed her first short film, I Shoot My Village, at the age of 55. Since then, she has continued filming in the village and by 2012, she had completed five feature-length documentaries under the title “My Village for XX Years”.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 50: Old Hunan Jia Zhitan, Watching Revolution in Baiyun Village

When Jia Zhitan first became involved in the Villagers’ Image Project, his focus was on the question of whether he wanted to make films like “focus interview” of state-run television, and whether he wanted to give the film to CCTV. After completing his first short documentary, The Quarry, he was able to move past these “mainstream” questions. In the following three years he completed three feature-length documentaries, My Village 2006, My Village 2007 and My Village 2008, in succession. During the shooting of these three films, Lao Jia jumped from the “mainstream” to the other extreme and became “non-mainstream”, or even more than “non-mainstream”.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 49: Monologue – Editing Notes for “Getting Through” 3

“自我隔离”期间我每日在摄像机旁的“自言自语”，现在我当然很有信心说，这就是我的影像日记一种。不过开始这么做时，心里还是一片空荡荡。最早我和洛洛说过，戴口罩说出自己的恐惧；和高昂好像也建议过她，人到英国后可以尝试“自我诉说”拍摄。

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 48: Time – Editing Notes for “Getting Through” 2

Let me start with one of the artists I admire and his work: Hsieh Teh-Ching and One Year. Hsieh Teh-Ching, a Taiwanese, was born in the same year as Sister Shao in 1950, and in the 1970s he made his way to New York in a special way (as a crew member of an ocean liner docking in the United States and jumping overboard to enter the country). Hsieh’s performance art works “One Year” include imprisoning himself in a cage for a year, chaining himself to a woman (who is also an artist) for a year, and clocking in every hour for a year.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 47: Under Siege – Editing Notes for “Getting Through” 1

“Getting Through” is from the “video diary” I started in 2020. The first film made is called “Surviving Chapter 1: The Siege”, which was recorded from late January to late February 2020 when I was stranded alone in my home in Kunming due to the pandemic. This film can be seen as an account of the “2020” that was about to pass. It is also an accident in my 30 years of video production. Almost every film I have made in the last 10 years (after 2010) has been an ‘accident’. “Getting Through” is the accident of accidents, i.e. it was made in a state of ‘least creative mind’.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 46: In Memory of Wong Ain-ling or an Era

It was only a few days into 2018 when I suddenly heard that Wong Ain-ling had passed away. Wong was a friend from Hong Kong who I knew for almost 30 years. She would have been about my age, early 60s. She was gone just like that.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 45：Creation and continuity (3): revision and motivation

Yesterday evening (6 July), the second cut of Hu Tao’s film ‘Favour’ was screened at a discussion workshop. Hu Tao’s film was made last year and had a first cut, but he didn’t think it was good enough. This year, the second cut was a revision of the first cut (first draft). Whether it’s a big change, a medium change or a small change, it’s a continuous process of creating a film. I’ll put the revisions to the film about Hu Tao in this series of notes, entitled “Revisions”. I expect to write a number of articles on this subject, as ‘revision’ is, after all, a sensitive point of ‘creation and continuity’, involving many issues of creation.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 44: Creation and continuity ( 2): Experience – location – positioning

In 2017, I started to experiment with my video creation under the title of “autobiography”. The term “autobiography” does not necessarily mean “memoir” or “self-reflection”. I prefer to understand it as a kind of attitude and a way of doing things.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 43: Editing Notes for The Autobiography (2)

In 2017, I started to experiment with my video creation under the title of “autobiography”. The term “autobiography” does not necessarily mean “memoir” or “self-reflection”. I prefer to understand it as a kind of attitude and a way of doing things.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 42: Editing Notes for The Autobiography (1)

The first draft of the film “Autobiography: The Struggle” was produced like the ground was broken. Only can I understand the struggle and torment of the process. This kind of creation is really a process of making a hole. Finally, I poked my head out of what I thought was a hole. It is full of emotions.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 41: Editing Notes for The Autobiography

In my previous notes on “Facing”, I asked “why (must) I face”. This is a question that contains a certain “way of being”, at least for me personally. Otherwise it is just “living a sloppy life”.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 40: Reading MemoryDocumentarians”

It took me three days to make the opening of the new film (about three minutes), using material from an interview I did with my mother. I interviewed my mother a total of two times when she was alive. The first time was in 1994. It was a taped interview made for the book about my father. The second time was in 1999. It was a video interview made for the same purpose. In both interviews my mother talked about my birth. What surprised me was that in the first interview my mother told me a “secret”. The reason for my surprise was that my mother had told me this untold story.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 39: Talking is the Road – Preface to “Walking on Earth: Follow-up Interviews and Survey Report on Contemporary Chinese Documentarians”

​”Talking is the Road”: I use these words that I like to describe Li Xiaofeng and Jia Kai’s book Walking on Earth: Follow-up Interviews and Survey Reports on Contemporary Chinese Documentarians. The book consists of two parts: “follow-up interviews” and “survey reports”. As I understand it, the former is “paving the way”, paving a road with conversations, introducing documentary filmmakers to the reader. The latter is similar to a “laboratory”, where the documentarians’ current existence, their creative trajectory, the extension or termination of their possibilities, as well as the emotions and hopes that accompany them. In the latter case, in my personal experience, this is the first time I have read such a “survey” that combine documentarians outside the system (independent production) and inside the system.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 38: Seven films, Seven Realities

Seven mainland documentaries have been selected for the 2018 Taiwan International Documentary Film Festival (TIDF): Lone Existence (dir. Sha Qing), Expressionism (dir. Xu Ruotao), Holly Bible 2 (dir. Li Hongqi), The Days 3 (dir. Wei Xiaobo), Turtle ROck (dir. Xiao Xiao), Shang Ajia (dir. Jin Jiang) and Dumb Men (dir. Hu Tao).

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 37: Portion and Enlargement – Zhu Shengze’s Another Year

Another Year can be introduced in one sentence: 13-meals time in a year for a working family in Wuhan. In terms of image composition, it is 13 fixed shots in the order of January to December, with the last one rotating back to the beginning of the following year.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 36: Facing Reality, Flying or Falling apart – Gu Tao’s Taming the Horse

Before I talk about the film, I’d like to tell you about Gu Tao, with whom I had an encounter 18 years ago. In 2000, when I was back in Kunming, I was contacted by a man from a local radio station who said he was an evening programmer with a program on music and reading, and wanted to ask me to do a program. This was the first radio programme in China to invite me to “talk on the radio”. I was curious about the person who contacted me. He was Gu Tao, in his early 20s at the time, with a very young face, and he said to me that he knew I did documentaries. But he had not seen them and only had read my documentary column in the then Book City magazine. He invited me to do a programme because of my writing.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 35: Thoughts of Sako Makoto——Self and Others

Liu Xiaolei sent a link to Japanese director Sako Makoto’s film “Self and Others” to the Qinjiatun group. I immediately watched it, because Sako is really an old friend. I didn’t know this film. So I watched it and wrote down some impromptu thoughts.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 34: Creation and Continuity (1): Choice – Fixation – Theatre

Notes on “Creation and Continuity”, which I started writing last year, concerns both the creation of the new director’s debut feature and “creative intensity and precision” (not just “creative continuity”). It is about the “creative vitality” of the director (not just “creative continuity”). These notes are not about theories and concepts, nor do I “analyse the business cards” of the masters (not my speciality or interest), but are only about the creative dynamics and trajectory of “fellow travellers” (not a “narrow vision”, just limited time and energy).

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 33: Shazi Ying, Remember! – Shao Yunzhen’s My Village 2011-2016

The final screening of Shao Yuzhen’s new film in Qinjiatun took place on 1st of October. Shao Yuzhen, who lives in the village of Shaziying in Shunyi, Beijing, has been involved in the Villagers’ Video Project since 2005, when she took up DV and completed her first short film, I Shoot My Village, at the age of 55. Since then, she has continued filming in the village and by 2012, she had completed five feature-length documentaries under the title “My Village for XX Years”.

Post-screening – Written after the Caochangdi Weekend Online Bilibili Streaming on 24 September 2021

On Friday night, 24th September, it was the turn of my film Investigating My Father to be the Caochangdi Weekend live broadcast on Bilibili. The highest audience figure for the live screening was 2,150 people (a Bilibili record). For the post-screening exchange we gathered in our usual venue, the Tencent conference room (the maximum number of participants was 68). After host Mengqi’s opening remarks paved the way for my appearance, the first thing I said was, “Creation is bliss”.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 30：Farewell, Tu Haiyan

Yanzi wrote a long email, confessing her inner creative struggle, conflicts, and choices. I had not heard from Yanzi in the past month; I understood that she was thinking things over. Immediately after reading the email I felt regret that Yanzi might give up on her first film, which was nearing completion.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 29：Instead of Throwing Stones at a Cesspit, Turn around and Plant a Tree

I use this slightly lengthy subheading to show my state of mind. During my period in the village when I returned at the beginning of the winter, the old people, in their memories and descriptions of the current situation, sent by Mengqi from 47km, talked of “ruins”. This could be considered a kind of “realist epistemology”. One of the effects of this is to have enough knowledge and understanding of what has happened before and what is happening now, including what might happen in the future, to ensure that you won’t feel calm. But at least you won’t get scared, break out in a cold sweat, get discouraged and think it’s the end of the world.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 28: Reading the Village: Memory → Fear, Ruins, Relics, Growth, Flight

Zhang Mengqi’s notes on the village, ‘Jiangjiawan: Rereading Memories’, begins with a transcription of an interview from six years ago (2012), quoting the interviewee, Wang, talking about his situation at the time of ‘Land Reform’. He was seven or eight years old, his parents had passed away, he was an orphan, and he lived with his grandmother and uncle.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 27: Zhang Huancai

I have been fortunate enough to know certain people over the course of my life, and Zhang Huancai is one of these. I’m lucky that Huancai is a young man from Shijiazhai, Shaanxi Province, who has had raging literary ambitions since he was in high school, who lives in the countryside, and, once the camera was in his hands, immediately held on to it, held his breath, and focused on the surrounding villagers, including his own wife. In eight years he has produced the six feature-length films that make up the “My Village” series. My work turned a corner in 2010 due to various influences, one of which was the “village videos” of Huancai.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 26: Investigating My Father in Songzhuang

I finished Investigating My Father in 2016. It was screened in Songzhuang, Beijing in mid-April the following year. The screening took place on a Saturday afternoon. At a time when independent video screenings were becoming scarce, Songzhuang was still a stronghold. I felt this screening was “an event”, primarily because I had a new film and had finally found in this environment a place to meet the audience.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 25: Women’s Rise and Fall

Women have a natural affinity with the ‘personal image’, which belongs to them first and foremost. But ‘the brightest are easily defiled’. But is it true that the sensitive and delicate women who are born with creative qualities are also fragile and easily broken? Is this the case?

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 24: Image as Writing: Fiction, Everything and Nothing

Returning to the question at the beginning of the essay, “What is fiction?” For us, whether “video writing”, or “video prose”, or “video fiction” – there is no answer.

“Fiction”, which is nothing, is everything. An excerpt from a saying about fiction (one I like): fiction is the pushing of the unspeakable to the extreme.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 23: Image as Writing →From Fiction

I am increasingly of the opinion (at least in the last 15 years) that it is better to pursue “personal images”than to talk about “independent images”. The so-called independent image (once called “underground cinema”, as I experienced it in the 1990s) is, to put it bluntly, a kind of ideological trademark (a veneer) that some people are willing to use (a discursive habit, which I see as academic laziness, of using “underground”, “banned”, “power of resistance”, etc. The title of my speech for a seminar on the anniversary of some independent film festival in China was, “Independence is a verb”).

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 22：A Cat and the Everyday, Conversation is the Way

Zhang Mengqi’s Viewing Material : Scenes of ‘Old Man He’ is three scenes in the life of an old man recovering from a serious illness in the village of 47 Kilometres.  After watching it, I felt like writing something as a follow up, as a “reflection” on viewing this filmmaker’s work.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 21：Memory, Exploration and Detail

As 2016 ends, it’s time for the Folk Memory Project to start its winter filming.  Since the summer of 2010, when the Folk Memory Project started, winter is a time for participants to return to their villages to film, with 2017 being the seventh of these winters.

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 20：Flying

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 19：Yu Shuang’s Huangpo Tan

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 18:  Overcoming Fear and Fly – Watching the First Cult of Lolo’s Fear

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 16:  A Legend – Watching the First Cut of Yu Shuang’s New Film The Old Sister of Huangpotan

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 15: Editing Team – Summary of the work of the Folk Memory Project 2020 II

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 14: Footage Workshop

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 13: Gao Ang and Her Jiaoxing Village II

Gao Ang participated in the workshop discussion after watching the third version of Jiaoxing Village in June last year. The difference between the third and first versions is that the first is about “land rotation”, that is, the relationship and changes between rural land ownership and management rights, a huge and complex current rural issue. As I understand it, this is a typical case of the “topic first” or “seizing your topic” documentary filmmaking method. I have an idea (or find an issue) and it fits (or is close to) my own understanding of and judgment about society, so I start to work on it (fieldwork, interview,  data collection and then shooting, etc.).

 

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 12: Gao Ang and Her Jiaoxing Village: Looking Back

Today is 11 January 2021. This is the eighth article of the new year. Writing three articles in eleven days is in line with my intentions and my expectations of myself. I live with a group of people who have things to write and want to interact with one another through writing. 360 articles a year isn’t enough. I believe that thought is a knife which needs to be sharpened. Otherwise, it becomes dull and rusty without being aware that it cannot cut anything. My experience is, the best way to keep sharp is by writing. 

Wu Wenguang’s Film Notes 11: Landing

This article is about our ‘weekend screenings’, which start with Xiaobo’s Farewell My 19 this Friday [ed. note: 9 January 2021]. It’s worth noting (recording) our new activities for 2021. 

Image becomes writing, freedom is a verb – Writing for the opening of the “Image Writing” workshop

Notes 5: Premiere

There is an editing software called Premiere. Many people probably know it and use it. I am a long-time user of Premiere, starting with version 1.0 in 1988. That was probably the earliest version of Premiere. I now recall how I felt when I first used it. You could describe it as a kind of “ecstasy”, like I had finally come across a spring of water in the desert.

Image becomes writing, freedom is a verb – Writing for the opening of the “Image Writing” workshop

Notes 4: Constitution

When image writing is carried out in the workshop, what does constitute the content?

My opinion has always been that creativity cannot be taught. However, you can learn and exchange ideas to create.

Workshops are a good way. Therefore, I have always called my teaching on image creation at universities, film festivals or art institutions “workshops” rather than “courses.”

Image becomes writing, freedom is a verb – Writing for the opening of the “Image Writing” workshop

Notes 3: Pathway

In the “warm-up talk” for the Image Writing workshop, I talked about “direction” and “intention” and realised that this is a topic that cannot be overlooked. The practice and discussion of “image writing” carried out at a specific time and place is indicative. It’s rooted in a specific context. […] In other words, it’s not a general concept, it’s not generalisable, nor is it a universal truth. It is an action embodied by the Folk Memory Project. This is “pathway”.

Image becomes writing, freedom is a verb – Writing for the opening of the “Image Writing” workshop

Notes 2: Direction

Following the previous notes which focus on “intention”, I will talk about “direction”, that is, what kind of “unintended” works may grow out of “image writing”.

Image becomes writing, freedom is a verb ——Writing for the opening of the “Image Writing” workshop

The “Image Production” workshop is one of the creative trainings conducted by the Folk Memory Project group of Caochangdi Workstation. A new round of workshops will start in January 2021, with the theme “Image Writing”.

Shao Images and Shao’s Expressionism

“Shao Images” was established because “Shao Yuzhen’s way of filming determines the composition of the film”. Her so-called “editing” means simply putting original footage through editing software.

A Self-portrait of A Dancer And the Story of Three Generations of Women

At the beginning of the film Self-Portrait with Three Women, a dancer holding a flashlight walks into the rehearsal hall. In the next scene, the camera captures the dancer’s face through her legs. She is saying: ‘This is my first dance work and a work related to myself. The name of the work is Self Portrait.’

Sha Qing’s Lone Existence: Thinking Activates Memory

I have never watched Sha Qing’s previous films. Lone Existence is the first one I watched. It belongs to the kind of bold work which does not conform to “characters”, “events” and “conflicts” in conventional documentaries. “Story” is completely unbounded and in a style of self-talking.

Shao Yunzhen,
A Rural Woman Who Uses DV as A Weapon

Caochangdi Workstation launched China Village Documentary Project in 2005. Ten villager filmmakers from nine provinces were selected from the applications and each completed a film about their villages on their own. By 2010, Shao Yuzhen, Jia Zhitan, Zhang Huancai, and Wang Wei have been shooting, and each of them has completed three feature films.

Treating and Me

Around 2000, I returned to Kunming, bought a house outside the city, and took my mother to live there. The old house in the city has been vacant from then on. In the summer of 2007, my 88-year-old mother passed away. After taking care of my mother’s funeral, I returned to my hometown at No. 6 Shangyi Street. I went back to the old house to look for the proof of grave ownership of my father who died 18 years ago and to arrange joint tomb for my parents.